Students of ICSE Class 10 should refer to Mineral Based Industries ICSE Class 10 Geography previous year questions and solutions. below which have come in past board exams. You should always go through questions that have come in previous years. This will help you to understand the pattern of questions in ICSE Class 10 Geography and prepare accordingly. This will help you to get better marks in ICSE Class 10 Board Exams
ICSE Class 10 Geography Mineral Based Industries Last Year Questions
Students should learn the important questions and answers given below for Chapter Mineral Based Industries in Geography for ICSE Class 10. These board questions are expected to come in the upcoming exams. Students of ICSE Class 10th should go through the board exams questions and answers for ICSE Class 10 Geography which will help them to get more marks in exams.
Board Exam Questions Mineral Based Industries ICSE Class 10 Geography
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question: Vishakhapatam is a leading centre for shipbuiliing.
Answer: Vishakhapatnam has an important ship-building yard because Vishakhapatnam is a sea port, has
the facility of a dry dock, gets its iron and steel from VISL, power from the Nagarjunasagar Dam,
labour from Andhra Pradesh, Odisha (Orrisa) and Karnataka.
Question: Mini steel plants cause less pollution than integrated steel plants. Give a reason.
Answer: Mini steel plants uses electric furnaces while integrated steel plants use blast furnaces.
Question: Name the steel that was set up with Russian collaboration.
Answer: Bhilai Steel Plant.
Question: Name the iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration.
Answer: Rourkela Steel Plant.
Question: Name the foreign collaborator of the iron and steel plant at Rourkela.
Answer: Germany.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question: (i) Name the foreign collaboration for the Rourkela Iron and Steel Plants.
(ii) From where do they obtain their supply of coal and iron-ore?
Answer: (i) German Firm, Krupps and Demag.
(ii) Iron ore from the reserves of Sundargarh and Keonjhar district of Odisha. Coal is obtained from Jharia, Talcher and Korba fields.
Question: (i) Name the largest and the oldest integrated iron and steel plant in private sector in India.
(ii) What is meant by a mini steel plant? State its advantage.
Answer: (i) Tata Iron and Steel Plant (TISCO).
(ii) Mini Steel plants are smaller units, work through electric furnaces and mainly uses steel scrap and sponge iron or pig iron as their raw material. Mini steel plants have the following advantages-
(a) Scarp iron is used as raw material which is cheap and easily accessible.
(b) These plants can be built with less capital investment.
(c) It does not cause pollution since it runs on electric power.
Question: ‘The Iron and Steel industry constitutes the backbone of modern industrial economy.’ Give two reasons to justify the statement.
Answer: ‘The Iron and Steel industry constitutes the backbone of modern industrial economy’ due to the following reasons-
(i) It provides raw material to industries for manufacturing industrial machinery, railway engines, railway tracks, electrical machinery, defence equipment’s, bridges, dams, shops, automobiles, etc.
(ii) India has one of the richest reserves of all the raw materials required for the industry, namely, capital, cheap labour, iron ore, power, coal, etc.
Question: (i) Name an Iron and Steel Industry set up in Odisha (Orissa) with the help of a famous German firm.
(ii) From where does the industry named in (i) gets its iron ore and manganese?
Answer: (i) Rourkela Iron and Steel Plant
(ii) Iron ore from the reserves of Sundargarh and Keonjhar district of Odisha. Manganese is obtained from Barajmda.
Question: Mention two/three advantages that a mini steel plant has over an integrated iron and steel plant.
Answer: It uses scrap iron / uses electric furnace so no pollution / conserves coal / help in decentralized
development.
Question: (i) Name an iron and steel plant which was established with British collaboration.
(ii) From where does it get its supply of:
1. iron ore
2. manganese
3. coal
Answer: The iron and steel plant at Durgapur was established with British collaboration.
Iron ore – Singbhum in Jharkhand / Keonjhar in Odisha Manganese – Keonjhar in Odisha Coal – Jharia coalfield in Jharkhand / Raniganj in West Bengal
Question: (i) Why is Iron and Steel industry called a basic industry?
(ii) Define a mini steel plant.
Answer: (i) It is called a basic industry because it supplies raw materials to all other industries. / Key product for making of all industries/ used for automobiles/ railways / shipbuilding / heavy machineries / tools / bridges/ roads/ domestic
purpose etc
(ii) A mini steel plant is one which manufactures steel using scrap iron in electric arc furnaces.
Question: With which large scale industry would you identify the following manufacturing centres?
(i) Kanpur
(ii) Rourkela
(iii) Pune
(iv) Mangalore.
Answer: (i) Kanpur- aircraft/sugar/jute/electronic goods/ automobiles(scooters) Leather industries.
(ii) Rourkela- iron and steel/fertilizers.
(iii) Pune- automobiles/ electronics/ cotton textile.
(iv) Mangalore- oil refining
Question: Name one integrated iron and steel plant in the private sector.
Where does it obtain its iron and coal from?
Answer: Tata Iron and Steel Company Iron – Singhbhum in Jharkhand / Mayurbhanj in Odisha (Orissa) / Bonai in Odisha (Orissa) Coal – Jharia in Jharkhand / Bokaro in Jharkhand.
Question: Where does Bhilai Iron and Steel Industry gets its supply of:
(a) Iron Ore (b) Coal
(c) Limestone (d) Manganese
Answer: (a) Iron Ore from Dalli Rajhara mines
(b) Coal is obtained from Bokaro, Kargati and Jharia fields in Jharkhand and Korba in Chhattisgarh.
(c) Limestone developed in Nandininear Bhilai.
(d) Manganese obtained from neighbouring district of Balaghat.
Question: Give any two reasons favouring the location of iron and steel plants in North-Eastern part of Deccan.
Answer: (i) Availability of iron, coal, manganese, limestone.
(ii) Supply of cheap labour from the states of Bihar and West Bengal.
Question: Explain:
(i) Iron and Steel Industry is not found in Western India.
(ii) Most of the ‘iron and steel’ plants are ‘Public Sector Undertakings’.
Answer: (i) It is so because it lacks the basic raw material required for iron and steel industry.
(ii) Iron and Steel industries require large land area, huge capital investments, modern technical knowledge, huge machineries, etc.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question: Name the industrial product for which the following centres are well known:
(i) Bhilai
(ii) Chittaranjan
(iii) Koraput
Answer: (i) Iron and Steel
(ii) Electric locomotives
(iii) Aero-engines
Question: Name a manufacturing centre for each of the following industries:
(i) Engines for MIG aircraft
(ii) Diesel locomotives
(iii) Software.
Answer: (i) Engines for MIG aircraft – Koraput in Odisha (Orissa)
(ii) Diesel locomotives – Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh
(iii) Software – Bengaluru (Bangalore)/ Hyderabad / Pune.
Question: (i) How is it advantageous for a mini steel plant-
1. to use electric furnaces
2. not to be located to the location of the raw material?
(ii) From where does the integrated steel plant at Bhilai get its requirement of iron and coal?
Answer: (i) 1. It does not cause pollution and the cost of production is low.
2. Mini steel plant uses scrap iron, sponge iron, etc. as raw material from the large steel plants.
(ii) Iron Ore from Dalli Rajhara mines Coal is obtained from Bokaro, Kargati and Jharia fields in Jharkhand and Korba in
Chhattisgarh.
Question: (i) Mention two characteristics of a mini steel plant.
(ii) From where does the integrated steel plant at Jamshedpur gets its iron ore and coal?
Answer: (i) 1. Mini Steel plants are smaller units than Iron and steel Industry.
2. It works through electric furnaces.
3. It mainly uses steel scrap and sponge iron or pig iron as their raw material.
(ii) The integrated steel plant at Jamshedpur gets its- Iron ore from Gurumahisani mines in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha and Noamundi mines in Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. Coal from the Jharia and Bokaro coalfields.
Question: (i) What are integrated steel plants?
(ii) Name one integrated steel plant in the Public Sector. From where does this plant get its requirement of iron ore and coal?
Answer: (i) A unified steel mill where all the primary functions of producing steel is carried out like iron making, steel making, casting, roughing rolling and product rolling.
(ii) Bhilai Steel Plant. Iron Ore from Dalli Rajhara mines Coal is obtained from Bokaro, Kargati and
Jharia fields in Jharkhand and Korba in Chhattisgarh.
Petrochemicals and Electronics
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question: Name the two important centres of electronic industry in India.
Answer: Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
Question: With which large scale industry would you identify Pune as manufacturing centre.
Answer: Pune- Electronics Industry.
Question: The electronic industry has made an impact on both entertainment and education. Give a reason.
Answer: The electronic industry has had an effect both on entertainment because electronics are used in televisions, video players, tape recorders, audio systems Education has been affected because electronics are used computers, LCD projectors and software has been prepared to be used as teaching aids.
Question: Name two petrochemical units in India.
Answer: Two petrochemical units are-
1. Herdillia Chemicals Ltd. in Chennai.
2. National Organic Chemicals Industries Ltd. near Mumbai.
3. Petrofils Cooperative Limited (PCL) in Vadodara.
4. Indian Petrochemical Corporation Ltd. near Vadodara.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question: Name two raw materials used in the petrochemical industry and state two advantages of petrochemical products
Answer: Organic chemicals like naphtha, ethylene and benzene. The raw materials are easily available since they are not agro-based Replacing traditional raw materials like wood and metal Cheap Durable.
Question: (i) Why has the electronics industry grown in importance?
OR
Mention two reasons for the importance of the Electronic Industry in India’s development.
OR
What is the significance of the Electronics Industry in recent times?
(ii) Name two cities that have leading Software Companies.
Answer: (i) (a) India has been experiencing a strong growth in the demand of consumer
products and durables in recent years which have facilitated the growth in the
electronics, especially in the telecom sector both directly and indirectly.
(b) Indian electronic industry plays an important role in space technology and has launched many indigenous satellites like APPLE and INSAT-1 and INSAT -2 Series.
(ii) Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
Question: What are petrochemicals? Name any two products made from petrochemicals.
Answer: Chemical obtained either directly or indirectly from chemical processing, of petroleum oil or natural gas
is called Petrochemicals. Two products made from petrochemicals are dyes, synthetic fibre, synthetic rubber, detergents, insecticides and pesticides.
Question: Give two geographical reasons for the growth of IT industries in Bangalore.
Answer: Two geographical reasons for the growth of IT industries in Bangalore-
(i) Cool and moderate climate neither cold nor warm.
(ii) Abundant supply of electricity through the hydropower projects.
(iii) Bengaluru (Bangalore) is well connected to other major metropolises of Madras and Hyderabad.
Question: Which city is known as the electronic capital of India? Name any two major centres of electronic
products.
Answer: Bengaluru (Bangalore) is known as the electronic capital of India.
Two major centres of electronic products- Hyderabad, Bengaluru (Bangalore), Delhi, Pune, Mumbai, etc.
Question: Most of the petrochemical units are in Maharashtra and Gujarat. Give two reasons to explain why?
Answer: Most of the petrochemical units are in Maharashtra and Gujarat because-
(i) Maharashtra and Gujarat have oil refineries which can supply the basic raw materials of Naphtha or Ethylene and Benzene to the petrochemical industry.
(ii) Both the states have excellent port facilities for import and export.
Question: What is a petro-chemical industry? Mention two reasons why petro-chemical products are replacing traditional raw materials.
Answer: Petro-chemical are those chemicals obtained either directly or indirectly from chemical processing, of petroleum oil or natural gas e.g. dyes, synthetic fibre, synthetic rubber, detergents, insecticides and pesticides. Petrochemicals are
1. cost effective
2. economic and cheap.
Question: Name four petro-chemical products.
Answer: Four petro-chemical products-
(i) Synthetic fibre
(ii) Synthetic rubber
(iii) Detergents
(iv) Insecticides.
Question: (i) State the importance of Electronics in Defence.
(ii) Mention one important requirement of the Electronics industry
Answer: (i) In defence electronics are used for making remote weapon, telecommunication, long distance transmissions, etc.
(ii) Cool and moderate climate neither cold nor warm.
Question: State the importance of Electronics in the field of:
(a) Space Technology
(b) Entertainment
Answer: (a) Space Technology- Indian electronic industry plays an important role in space technology
and has launched many indigenous satellites like APPLE and INSAT-1 and INSAT -2 Series.
(b) Entertainment- Electronics are used in televisions and video players, computers and LCD projectors.
Question: Name two centres of the Petro-chemical Industry in India. List two important products of this industry.
Answer: Two centres- Vadodara and Chennai.
Two products- Adhesives and fertilizers.
Question: State one reason each to explain the importance of the chemical industry with regard to
(i) Agriculture
(ii) Public Health
Answer: (i) Agriculture- Chemical industry provides fertilizers.
(ii) Public Health- Chemicals also produce medicines and vaccines for the improvement of health.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question: (i) Name the raw materials required by the petrochemical industry.
(ii) Mention two products of this industry.
(iii) Give a reason why the petrochemical products are gaining importance.
Answer: (i) Natural gas and Crude oils are the two raw materials required by the petrochemical industry.
(ii) Two products are Adhesives, fertilizers, dyes, synthetic fibre, synthetic rubber, detergents, insecticides and pesticides.
(iii) The petrochemical products are gaining importance because-
(a) Petrochemicals are cost effective, economic and cheap.
(b) The raw material is easily available and not depended on agricultural raw material.
Question: Name two products for each of the following industries:
(i) Petrochemical industry
(ii) Heavy Engineering Industry
(iii) Electronic Industry.
Answer: (i) Petrochemical Industry- Adhesives and Fertilizers.
(ii) Heavy Engineering Industry- Not in Syllabus.
(iii) Electronic Industry- Computers and Television.
Question: Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Products made from petrochemicals are growing in popularity.
(ii) A heavy engineering industry contributes to the development of the country.
(iii) The electronics industry contributes to the development of the country.
Answer: (i) This is because products made from petrochemicals are cheaper and more durable
(ii) A heavy engineering industry requires a huge capital investment because it requires a big plot
of land, a big labour force, consumes power and the raw material is heavy and expensive
(iii) The electronic industry is a fast developing industry because electronics are used in many
fields, computers, entertainment, medicine, engineering and education which is important
for the development of a country.
Question (i) State two reasons for the growing importance in the status of petrochemical industries.
(ii) Name two products of the petroleum industry.
Answer: (i) This is because petrochemicals are cheaper/ durable, are not dependent on agricultural raw
materials/ hence no fluctuation in production/ cost effective / raw materials easily available.
(ii) Two products are- Plastic, synthetic rubber, PVC pipes, synthetic fibre, detergents.
Question: (i) State two conditions necessary for the setting up of a heavy engineering industry.
(ii) Name a ship building yard on the east coast and a centre for making electric locomotives.
Answer: (i) Heavy engineering industries require large amounts of power, labour intensive, High
capital/bulky raw materials/ High transport cost.
(ii) Ship building yard on the east coast- Vishakhapatnam or Kolkata; electric locomotive- Chittaranjan.
Question: Name one important centre each for the production of the following:
(i) Tractors
(ii) Electronic goods
(iii) Petrochemicals
Answer: (i) Not in Syllabus
(ii) Bengaluru
(iii) Haldia Petrochemical Ltd. in West Bengal
Question. Name two products of the petroleum industry.
Answer: Two products of petroleum industry are plastics and PVC pipes.
Question. Where is the petrochemical plant of Reliance Petrochemicals located? What is the main product of this unit ?
Answer: It is located at Hazira in Gujarat. The main product is Polyester fibres.
Question. With which large scale industry would you identify the following manufacturing centres ?
(i) Kanpur (ii) Rourkela (iii) Pune (iv) Mangalore
Answer: (i) Kanpur – Sugar industry
(ii) Rourkela- Iron and steel plant
(iii) Pune – Cotton textile industry
(iv) Mangalore – Silk industry
Question. Give two geographical reasons for the growth of IT industries in Bengaluru.
Answer: The growth of IT industries in Bengaluru is due to :
(i) Readily available world class IT infrastructure.
(ii) High concentration of IT companies and quality re search and development institutions.
Question. Mini steel plants cause less pollutions than integrated steel plants.
Answer: Mini steel plants work through electric furnaces causing less pollution whereas the integrated steel plants use blast furnaces where coke are fed continuously to smelt the iron ore, causing huge pollution.
Question. List the three basic steps involved in steel making.
Answer: Iron ore is always found with some impurities like sulphur, silica, phosphorus, lime, etc. So the impurities have to be removed to get pure iron ore used for making steel. The following process is used for converting iron ore into steel :
(i) Ore Reduction : The process of ore reduction is carried out in a blast furnace where the ore and coke are fed continuously from the tap. Small quantities of limestone and dolomite are also added as flux to help combine the impurities in the ore as slag. This slag floats on the molten iron and can be easily separated from it. Molten iron is collected at the base of the furnace at regular intervals. The product so obtained is known as pig iron. This pig iron can be converted into wrought iron, steel and cast iron.
(ii) Steel Melting Furnaces : The pig iron obtained after reducing the ore contains upto 5 per cent of carbon and other impurities. To convert pig iron into steel, impurities are removed through deoxidation. Hardening materials including carbon are added to get the desired quality.
(iii) Rolling Mills : The steel is then cast into ingots and rolled into different sizes.
Question. The electronic industry has made an impact on both entertainment and education.
Answer: Electronic industry with mass scale integration process has produced computers, servers, displays, TVs and cameras, telephone exchanges etc., to enable capture and broadcast news, advertisements, cinema, educational programs etc., to large section of the population over the country and overseas, thus revolutionizing the life style of the Indian masses.
Question. Name the basic raw materials used in Iron and steel industry.
Answer: (i) The main raw materials used in iron and steel industry are iron ore, manganese, limestone, silica, chromate, feldspar, scrap iron, flux and fuel.
(ii) Coking coal obtained from Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro, Giridih and Korba is used as fuel.
(iii) Manganese is used for hardening of steel and also for removing impurities.
Question. State two reasons for the growing importance in the status of petrochemical industries.
Answer: The reasons for the growing importance of the petrochemical industry are as follows :
(i) The petrochemical products do not depend on agricultural raw materials, hence there is no fluctuation in production due to climatic factors.
(ii) The petrochemical products like plastics, PVC pipes, synthetic fibres are cheaper and more durable.
Question. Mention three advantages that a mini steel plant has over an integrated steel plant.
Answer: The advantages are :
(i) Mini steel plants use electric furnaces thus conserving coking coal.
(ii) They require less capital investments. Since they are located in industrial towns so transport cost is reduced.
(iii) It is ecofriendly, does not require large capital investment.
Question. Where is the petrochemical plant of National Organic Chemicals Industries Ltd. located ? What are the main product of this unit?
Answer: It is located at Belapur near Mumbai. The main products are PVC pipe, Benzene and ethylene.
Question. Name the main raw materials used in the petrochemical industry.
Answer: Naphata or Ethylene and Benzene.
Question. What factors affect the location of an integrated steel plant ?
Answer: Availability of raw material, water supply, power supply, labour force and market.
Question. Name two petrochemical industries.
Answer: Two petrochemical industries are Herdillia Chemicals Ltd. and Petrofils Cooperative Limited (PCL)
Question. Name two large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry.
Answer: Automobile, railway locomotives.
Question. What are the main products manufactured by Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL), Bengaluru?
Answer: The main products are equipment for Meteorological department, defence, radio communication, radar, fire control systems for tanks and various kinds of optical systems etc.
Question. What is ‘Wrought iron’?
Answer: It is an iron alloy with some quantity of carbon. It has fibrous appearance.
Question. Name any two products made from petrochemicals.
Answer: Fertilisers and Insecticides are made from petrochemicals.
Question. Name the iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration.
Answer: The iron and steel plant set up with German collaboration was Rourkela steel plant.
Question. From where does the integrated steel plant at Bhilai get its requirement of iron and coal ?
Answer: (i) Iron ore deposits are supplied from Dalli Rajhara mines.
(ii) Coal is obtained from Bokaro, Kargati and Jharia fields in Jharkhand and Korba in Chhattisgarh.
Question. What are the problems of iron and steel industry in India ? OR ‘India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world yet it is not able to perform to its full potential.’ Explain.
Answer: Although India is an important Iron and Steel producing country in the world, yet it is not able to perform to its full potential due to the following problems :
(i) Capital Intensive : Iron and Steel Industry is a capital intensive industry, i.e., it requires huge amount of capital. Besides, iron and steel plants have a long gestation period.
(ii) Obsolete Technology : Iron and Steel plants established after India attained independence, are not working to their full potential as the machinery being used is outdated. Consequently, the iron and steel industry is lacking behind the advanced countries in terms of new technological inputs.
(iii) Limited Availability of Coking Coal : Though India has huge deposits of high grade iron ore, her coal reserves, especially high grade coking coal, used for smelting iron ore are limited. Consequently, many steel plants are forced to import coking coal. For example, steel plant at Vishakhapatnam has to import coal from Australia.
(iv) Sick Industrial Units : Due to the inadequate supply of power and sharp increase in the cost of raw materials, many small iron and steel plants are either experiencing sickness or have been closed down.
(v) Control of Prices : The government has fixed price for iron and steel which leaves little margin of profit for the manufacturers.
(vi) Inefficiently Managed Public Sector : Many iron and steel plants in the Public Sector are facing strikes, lockouts, energy crisis caused by heavy investment on social overheads, poor labour relations, inefficient management and underutilisation of capacity.
(vii) Heavy Demand : Even at low per capita consumption rate, demand for iron and steel is increasing rapidly. To meet this increasing demand, large quantity of iron and steel has to be imported.
Question. Name four large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry.
Answer: Four large-scale industries dependent on iron and steel industry:
(i) Automobile industry, (ii) Ship Building industry,
(iii) Machine tool industry, and (iv) Railway Locomotive industry.
Question. Name one important centre each for the production of the following :
(i) Electronic goods (ii) Petro chemicals.
Answer: (i) Electronic goods – Bengaluru
(ii) Petro chemicals – Haldia.
Question. From where does Rurkela Steel Plant get its iron ore ?
Answer: Sundergarh and Keonjhar district in Odisha.
Question. What is an integrated steel plant ?
Answer: An integrated steel plant is the one in which all the processes from providing raw materials, basic fuels, water supply, etc. to the conversion to steel, rolling etc., are all done at one place.
Question. How is it advantageous for a mini steel plant.
(a) to use electric furnaces.
(b) not to be located close to the location of the raw material.
Answer: (a) They are dependent on electric power so they do not cause pollution.
(b) Since mini steel plants use scrap iron from integrated steel plants they need not be located near the source of raw material.
Question. What are the main products manufactured by Indian Telephone Industry (ITI), Bengaluru?
Answer: The main products are varieties of telephone equipment for communication, railways, defence, automatic telephone switching systems, teleprinter exchanges and long distance transmission systems.
Question. Name two cities that have leading Software Companies.
Answer: Two cities that have leading Software Companies are Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
